Functions

Call a function by name, with its arguments in brackets. Your own functions sit alongside these. See Functions, filters and tests.

range

Returns an array of numbers from a start to an end, including both. The optional third argument is the step. A fractional step, such as 0.1, still reaches the end.

{{ range(1, 5)|join(", ") }}
{{ range(0, 10, 5)|join(", ") }}
{{ range(3, 1)|join(", ") }}
{{ range(0, 0.3, 0.1)|join(", ") }}

1, 2, 3, 4, 5
0, 5, 10
3, 2, 1
0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3

For a step of 1, 1..5 is shorter.

max and min

Return the largest or smallest argument, the largest or smallest item of one array, or the largest or smallest value of one hash. Null can't be compared, so it is an error.

{{ max(3, 8, 1) }} {{ min([4, 2, 9]) }}

8 2

cycle

Returns the item at a position, starting again from the beginning when it runs out. Useful for alternating classes.

{% for item in ["a", "b", "c"] %}
	<li class="{{ cycle(["odd", "even"], loop.index0) }}">{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}

<li class="odd">a</li>
<li class="even">b</li>
<li class="odd">c</li>

date

Returns a Date from a date, an ISO 8601 string or milliseconds. With no argument, it returns the current time. With null, it returns null, so a missing date never becomes today.

{% if date(post.publishedAt) < date("2026-06-01") %}Older post{% endif %}

Older post

attrs

Builds HTML attributes from a hash. It handles the fiddly cases for you:

• null and false leave the attribute out;
• true writes the name on its own;
• arrays are joined with spaces, skipping empty values;
• everything else is escaped.

<a{{ attrs({
	href: post.url,
	class: ["card", featured ? "card--featured"],
	hidden: false,
	"aria-current": current ? "page",
}) }}>{{ post.title }}</a>

<a href="/blog/hello/" class="card card--featured">Hello</a>

Each attribute starts with a space, so write attrs straight after the tag name.

parent and block

parent() outputs the layout's version of the current block. block("name") outputs a block of the current template. See extends and block.

dump

Outputs a readable view of its arguments, for debugging. It only works when the environment has debug: true. Otherwise it outputs nothing, so a forgotten dump never leaks data.

{{ dump(page, route) }}