Coming from Twig · Guides

Kiln's syntax is close to Twig's, so most templates read the same. The differences fix things that tend to cause bugs, follow JavaScript where Twig follows PHP, or remove features a website doesn't need.

Renamed

Twig	Kiln
`embed`	`component` with `slot` and `fill`
`types`	`props`, which also checks values and sets defaults
`json_encode`	`json`
`number_format`	`formatNumber`, with `Intl` options
`date` filter	`formatDate`, with `Intl` options instead of formats like `"Y-m-d"`
`striptags`, `url_encode`	`stripTags`, `urlEncode`
`loop.revindex`	`loop.revIndex`
`escape("html_attr")`	`escape("attr")`
`_self.macro()`	`macro()`

All of Kiln's names are camelCase, like JavaScript.

Changed

Area	Twig	Kiln
Missing variables	Empty, unless `strict_variables` is on	An error, unless you turn off strict mode
`include` and components	Share the caller's variables unless you add `only`	Only see what you pass, plus globals
Imports	Hidden in some places, such as inside an embed	Work everywhere in the template that declares them
`==`	Loose, with PHP's rules	Strict, like `===`
True and false	`"0"` is false	`"0"` is true. Empty arrays and hashes are false
Printing booleans	`1` and nothing	`true` and `false`
`+`	Converts numeric strings	Numbers only
`in` on a hash	Checks values	Checks keys
`~`	Runs before `+`	Runs after `+`
Named arguments	Matched to parameter names	Gathered into one hash at the end, except for macros
Property access	`attribute()` for dynamic names	`obj[name]` works everywhere
Method calls	Any public method	Only methods a class exposes
Timestamps	Seconds	Milliseconds, like JavaScript
`slice`	Start and length	Start and end, like JavaScript
Whitespace	Removes the first newline after a tag	Removes lines that only hold tags, and the extra indentation inside tags. Indents inserted content to line up with its tag
Async	Not supported	Any call can return a promise
`flush`	Sends the output so far	Closes the outlets above it, so a streamed page can be sent up to it

Removed

Tags: sandbox, use, deprecated, do and guard. Kiln's safety model replaces the sandbox.
Functions: include(), attribute, constant, source, template_from_string and random. Use the include tag and [] instead of the first two.
Filters: spaceless, convert_encoding, format, date_modify and the e alias. Use - to trim whitespace, and #{ } to build strings.
Tests: same as, constant and none. == is already strict, and null replaces none.
Syntax: the matches operator, bitwise operators, items[1:3] slices, letter ranges such as 'a'..'z', loop.parent, the only keyword, upper-case TRUE, FALSE and NULL, and custom delimiters.